. The first review of boundaries in London commenced on 1 April 1987 and reported in 1992. The West to East route also increased considerably in 1928, enabling the resident to travel from the Chequers (extreme South East) to the Royal Oak (extreme North West) using two buses. Dagenham Station was not much of an improvement requiring a bus or train to Barking, and then a change to the District electric railway. The area had a very limited transport network; although three railway lines crossed from west to east, the very limited road system consisted of country lanesshown in grey on the diagram. The majority of the estate was in the parish of Dagenham and the whole estate is in the Dagenham post town, and the two names are used interchangeably. It is mainly in the London Borough of Lewisham and partly in the London Borough of Bromley . The total distance was somewhat over 3 miles. They planned quadrupling of their line and this was inaugurated on 12 September 1932. The Becontree estate was a groundbreaking scheme that re-housed some 100,000 people, many of . Its principal backers, J. C. Ainsworth, George Ainsworth, and R. R. Thompson, had been involved in lumber and shipping enterprises in the Pacific Northwest and saw the line as a connection between a deep water anchorage at Redondo and Los Angeles. "Mahatma Ghandi once spent the night at Kingsley Hall [community centre], leaving a portrait of himself and a spinning wheel as gifts to the community.". It was very common before the days of derv-powered equipment to build temporary railways to enable huge civil engineering projects. The allure of a spacious home with running water, two to four bedrooms and a parlour was hugely appealing, despite conditions that windows were to be cleaned once a week, doorsteps must be scrubbed and children were banned from playing in communal gardens. Sprawling across four square miles of Barking and Dagenham in east London, Becontree has neither the strident architectural drama of a place like Thamesmead, nor the quaint bucolic charm of a. "The budgets for parks and gardens and general maintenance must have felt a serious squeeze and everything generally felt much less cared for. The Downham Estate provides an example of the programme of building council housing occurring in Britain between the First and Second World Wars. Working-class Housing in England Between the Wars: The Becontree Estate (Oxford Historical Monographs), Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic Licence, Brewers Dictionary of London Phrase & Fable. "But that's life. The LCC hoped to build 24,000 homes by 1924. The railway remained property of his estate. Barry Watson lives with his wife, Shirley, in one of the estate's desirable "suntrap houses" on Wykeham Avenue. As far as my mum was concerned, it was heaven - though she had difficulty making a house look a home with our somewhat meagre possessions. [3] [1] The tree would have stood on Becontree Heath, just outside the eastern boundary of the estate. [21][22], The original LCC plan anticipated a civic and commercial centre around Parsloes Park. However, LCC was only a landlord in the area and had limited ability to influence commercial development and had no control over local government. "One abiding memory of my childhood was my grandmother's fear of the 'terrifying weasel-looking' rent collector," says Barry, 77. At its peak, the site employed 6,000 workmen and houses were completed at the rate of 97 per week. [notes 2] Before the Second World War Barking and Ilford, but not Dagenham, were providing elementary education. It crossed Green Lane, and a gated level crossing was formed here; further south, when Becontree Avenue was later built, a level crossing was provided here too. [1] Contents 1 Becontree housing estate 2 A temporary railway The site occupied 3,000 acres of farmland and market gardens, and was entirely rural in character. "The estate has changed vastly throughout the years," says Peter. The top 4 are: standard gauge, world war i, demurrage and great eastern railway.You can get the definition(s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it. Dagenham was almost entirely rural until the building of the estate, having a population of only 9,127 in 1911 and growing to 89,362 in ten years. But he conceded that the estate was unfinished when he moved from Poplar to 5 Manor Square when he was five years old and how the property had no fences and no garden, as it was still "littered with builders' equipment". But residents in the largely working class town are beginning to feel the impact of rising food prices, energy . The estate was built without any provision for car parking as it was not anticipated that tenants would own cars. Crescents, cul-de-sacs and indoor toilets were but a dream for the residents of London's slums in 1919. If i was broke Id walk up Valance Avenue! The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [2], Wills & Sons established a temporary railway, connecting with existing goods sidings at Goodmayes on the Great Eastern Railway main line. Crescents, cul-de-sacs and indoor toilets were but a dream for the residents of London's slums in 1919. It was estimated that over 4 million tons of materials were delivered to the site.[3]. Video, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. Initially the estate had no industrial and very little commercial development planned to support the population. "Our house was gigantic - it had a big kitchen, a well-kept garden that ran all the way around the back and the front. After the temporary Becontree Estate Railway was dismantled in 1934, has it ever been established if there was an unstated intention by subsequent planners to eventually establish an indirect north-south successor route of sorts to further improve rail connectivity in the area? Begun in 1921, Becontree was the flagship of the London County Councils cottage estate housebuilding programme and was intended to accommodate 100,000 people. At first, trains on the Fenchurch StreetSouthend line of the LMS passed through the estate without stopping, but in 1926 the LMS provided Gale Street Halt on the line. GWI, in turn, selected its Pittsburg and Shawmut . It was a few doors down from number 26 - the first house built in Becontree. Its near-identical streets, whose houses once all looked the same, now have a sense of ownership about them: one house is painted pink, another is coated in trails of wisteria. As the work neared completion, the railway was progressively dismantled. Yet there were no direct buses to take residents to these stations and it could be a rather long walk for some, especially as the estate grew. Alexander's daughter Christina said while her father's memories of the estate were mostly happy ones, he had considered it a "dump" in the years before his death. She'd never let me open the fruit cupboard in case I got dirt on it.". The wharf was close to the river bank, and was only accessible at higher tide levels. It was compulsorily purchased. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. However, residents would have to endure a muddy 20-minute walk to Dagenham Dock Station, to then be greeted by poor service and only one train per hour during rush hour. Smells of grass, freshly grown flowers and the surrounding acres of fields were a stark contrast to the toxic smog in the city. It is open to visitors in the Spring and Fall during published Open House dates. The railway, which used standard gauge steam locomotives, operated between 1921 and 1934. All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The route of the main line of the railway is shown on the diagram; numerous spurs and short branches were added as work locations moved around. With a population of 115,652, it was the largest public housing development in the world. The recent opening of Barking Riverside and previous ideas for the Overground and DLR to reach Thamesmead has got me thinking. It was estimated that 35% of the estate's workers travelled between 5 and 10 miles to work, and 32% 10 to 15 miles[8] A The established stations at Chadwell Heath and Goodmayes were already competent, but to the south of the new estate the LT&S line had no station. "Those who watched the construction of Becontree were immediately filled with hope of a new world," says Peter Fisher, who has lived on the estate for 92 years. In 1945, the Huntington Estate sold the Los Angeles Railway to the infamous National City Lines that promptly renamed it Los Angeles Transit Lines, and started dismantling the streetcar lines. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); tel: 020 8227 2034opens phone dialer valencehousemuseum@lbbd.gov.ukcreate new email, Opening times: Tuesday to Saturday (10am-4pm). The Midland Railway (owners of the LT&S line) responded by opening Gale Street Halt where Gale Street crossed its line, in 1926, but its capacity was limited. The first residents moved onto Chittys Lane in 1921, yet there were actually no transport services into the estate until December 1922, when the first bus linked the northern part of the Estate with Ilford. These days, we have regular services around the local area and into London much more regular, but definitely still busy! In terms of population, it's probably since been superseded by some large estates in the former Soviet Bloc but it must remain one of the largest in area today.". It is on the District line between Upney to the west and Dagenham Heathway to the east. The LT&S service continued in operation until 1962, from which time only the District Line trainsnowadays the District Line of Transport for Londonserve the station. To the north, the common land of Becontree Heath was probably the meeting place of the court of the Becontree hundred, the medieval administrative division that extended as far as Havering. Becontree was simply a working class haven.". Housing became a national responsibility in July 1919, The Addison Act tasked local authorities with developing new - and equipped - housing for working people, 30,000 of those were planned for London, while 24,000 of them were to be built on garden land in Dagenham, Ilford and Barking due to the lack of available space in the county of London, It was designed as a cottage garden estate, where parks, gardens and green spaces were as important as houses. However, the division of responsibilities allowed for the local councils to provide elementary education in their areas as their populations were high enough. The Becontree Estate Railway was a temporary railway system built in the area between Chadwell Heath and the River Thames to facilitate the construction of what became known as the Becontree Estate. At the age of four, he recalls his mother telling him they were "going on an adventure to a new life, away from disease and plague.". Then into Liverpool Street, and onwards to Bond Street where his offices were located. "I agree that there were some very poor people [living there] but there were many more men who had jobs to go to.". The transfer of the Redbridge part of the estate to Barking and Dagenham had broad support. "My father, who worked in a biscuit factory in Bermondsey, used to complain there wasn't a pub on the corner [at home] where he could enjoy a few pints after his long commute. "Becontree was among the first of the London County Council's post-war schemes in 1919," says social housing author, John Boughton. One has to wonder what the next hundred years will see.". Wills went on to undertake another large housing contract for the London County Council, at St Helier in south-west London. 12 Section, showing LMS Railway line, 1929. "People used to fight over who had the best kept garden, now they are merely extra space for cars or rubbish. It was anticipated that the mergers of existing boroughs might produce unsatisfactory boundaries in some places and a Local Government Boundary Commission for England was established by the Local Government Act 1972 to review periodically the boundaries of Greater London and the London boroughs. "My parents, my four brothers and I moved from a two bedroom flat in Whitechapel to Chitty's Lane in 1926. Please support this website by adding it to the whitelist in your ad blocker. Continuing south it turned south-west and Dagenham Avenue was later formed on its course. "We put a piece of chewing gum which was hiding a drawing pin on the latch of his gate. Alexander McDonald, who lived on the estate from 1921 until he was 81, wrote in his memoirs that he had never heard it referred to by that name. It was a novel idea and one that attracted attention from royalty to famous people who took up residence, including singer Sandie Shaw, England football manager Sir Alf Ramsey and footballer Bobby Moore. The railway, which used standard gauge steam locomotives, operated between 1921 and 1934.[1]. Becontree was often referred to as "Corned Beef City" by historians and commentators because of the "staple diet" of its "poor residents". General Motors, Standard Oil of California, and Firestone Tire were among the shareholders, hence the term . Although the estate regulations stipulated that the gardens must be maintained in order, more than a few degenerated into virtual jungles. But alas, this was not for too long. Water supply in the whole estate came from the South Essex Waterworks Company, but sewerage was split on municipal lines. The plot sizes did not allow for garages to be added to homes. (Except in the Seven Kings estate areas, there were no other roads in the district prior to the construction. (Except in the Seven Kings estate areas, there were no other roads in the district prior to the construction. Local Studies Information Sheet No.16, available at, Eastern Main Lines; Ilford to Shenfield, Dave Brennand, 2002, Middleton Press, Midhurst, Becontree and Dagenham, A Report Made for the Pilgrim Trust, Terence Young, Becontree Social Survey Committee, London 1934. It was a novel idea and one that attracted attention from royalty to famous people who took up residence, including singer Sandie Shaw, England football manager Sir Alf Ramsey and footballer Bobby Moore. For more information about Orange Empire Railway Museum upcoming events, visit the Museum's website: www.oerm.org or call (909) 657-2605. Read about our approach to external linking. VideoRecord numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. If part of the journey did eventually include a bus too, the cost could increase by 2d to 4d per day. The estate took 15 years to complete. Residents on the estate were made to live with these poor transport links until the early-mid 1930s. The stations were primarily served by the District Railway, which had been extended from Barking to Upminster. Services such as education and libraries were provided by Essex County Council throughout the estate. Had the line of the Claybury railway/tramway been followed in 1893, the development of NE London would have been radically different Forum Rules, Information & How To Do Tutorials, Signal & Railway Simulations and Modelling, Other London Underground & TfL Railways Matters. That's how universally hated he was.". "You could even go pea and potato picking in the fields nearby. In 1932 (when the line was doubled with the addition of two electrified tracks) Gale Street Halt became Becontree station and a new station was added at Heathway. This page was last updated at 2019-11-08 05:32 UTC. The night before the service started, the station offices were open for ticket purchase. Residents competed every year to win the best kept garden competition, Becontree was the first council house estate to be built under the Addison Act, The estate under construction in 1927 - it would eventually cover four square miles, The Becontree tenants handbook contained 20 conditions, ranging from parental responsibility for the orderly conduct of children to requiring that no washing was hung from windows, The gardens were a source of pride for many, Crowds flocked to the opening ceremony of Becontree in the 1920s, The estate, which was finally completed in 1935, is still considered to be the largest in Europe, Windows were to be cleaned once a week, doorsteps must be scrubbed and children were banned from playing in communal gardens, Many of the homes, once identical, now have character, Barry Watson has lived in one of the estate's "suntrap houses" on Wykeham Avenue since the 1940s, Alexander McDonald's family moved to 5 Manor Square in 1921, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. Housing became a national responsibility in July 1919, The Addison Act tasked local authorities with developing new - and equipped - housing for working people, 30,000 of those were planned for London, while 24,000 of them were to be built on garden land in Dagenham, Ilford and Barking due to the lack of available space in the county of London, It was designed as a cottage garden estate, where parks, gardens and green spaces were as important as houses. The area had a very limited transport network; although three railway lines crossed from west to east, the very limited road system consisted of country lanesshown in grey on the diagram. The Becontree Estate Railway was a temporary railway system built in the area between Chadwell Heath and the River Thames to facilitate the construction of what became known as the Becontree Estate. 2023 BBC. However, Dagenham was permitted to provide its own library service. Part of a larger PRC estate around Huntsman Road, This was known as a 'Part III authority' under the, Gayler, Hugh J. Geographical excursions in London. [27] Overall, 41.2% identified themselves as having a BAME background. [3][4], Most of the land at that time was market gardens, with occasional groups of cottages and some country lanes. Alexander's daughter Christina said while her father's memories of the estate were mostly happy ones, he had considered it a "dump" in the years before his death. ", Peter's family was one of the first to move into Dagenham's newly built estate in east London, taking up residence in 19 Chitty's Lane. During the early years of the estate, residents could travel to London via Chadwell Heath or Goodmayes both to the north of the estate. "Those who watched the construction of Becontree were immediately filled with hope of a new world," says Peter Fisher, who has lived on the estate for 92 years. The main line then turned south-east along what became Parsloes Avenue, turning south at about the intersection with the present Raydons Road. But he conceded that the estate was unfinished when he moved from Poplar to 5 Manor Square when he was five years old and how the property had no fences and no garden, as it was still "littered with builders' equipment". The name Becontree was not used for a settlement at that time, but the estate was named after the ancient Becontree hundred, which historically covered the area. It cost me 15/- for a weekly ticket plus bus fare. The toilet, bath tap and a tap in the kitchen over a copper boiler, which was used for both washing clothes and heating bath water, were all fed from a reservoir tank in the attic, which invariably froze on winter mornings, leaving the toilets unusable. Once I started at DCHS in 1961, I began to use the local buses, found they werent bad though the gaps between could be painful at times. The two pits had stone crushing plant and coating machinery for making Tarmacadam for road surfacing. ", Inquest into death of first UK child Covid victim from Brixton, Search teams using every resource they can in hunt for Constance Martens baby, Womens History Month 2023: How to celebrate in London, from talks and tours to comedy nights, London bus: New advanced digital displays to be trialled on 63 route, Ed Sheeran announces surprise UK and Europe tour for 2023 - how to get tickets and full list of dates, LIVE: Hackney Central closed as man taken to hospital and armed police present, Greek transport minister resigns after deadly train crash, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. [26], According to the 2011 census, White British was the largest ethnic group in Becontree ward at 51%. DeSantis won't say he's running. A railway line brought materials from the Thames docks and 50 miles of roads were laidout. From here, the trail begins its historical aspect as there are signs with old pictures, historic plaques, and abandoned railroad pieces. It has been claimed the Becontree spelling was chosen for the estate because Beacontree was one letter too long to fit on bus destination blinds. Various schemes were discussed locally to improve services as complaints increased. Hawara: 'What happened was horrific and barbaric'. [4] Swansea and Cecil Levita are each depicted in photographs in Dave Brennand's book[7]. Most of the estates houses were constructed in red brick with tiled roofs, although many of the walls have since been pebble-dashed or stone-clad. But all was not rosy. In terms of population, it's probably since been superseded by some large estates in the former Soviet Bloc but it must remain one of the largest in area today.". I earned 4. At the time Peter and his family moved in, Becontree was proclaimed the world's largest council estate, with 26,000 homes. 2023 BBC. [28] In addition, the figures for Parsloes ward, which also covers parts of Becontree, were 61%, 14%, and 30.9% respectively. The General Post Office placed the entire estate in the Dagenham post town, including the Barking and Ilford sections, giving all residents postal addresses of "Dagenham, Essex". Other residents used the LMS steam lines, particularly as the population increased and private housing stretched along the LMS Barking to Dagenham and Southend lines. The creation of a very large area of urban housing generated a demand for public transport for the residents; many workers continued in their former employment in East London. At the river's edge, the line turned east alongside a wharf. Read about our approach to external linking. He recalls how London County Council attempted to discourage heavy drinking by refusing to build no more than six pubs on the estate and how residents had to adhere to strict rules. A total of thirteen locomotives operated on the railway; they were all industrial type saddle tank locomotives, some of them purchased new for the work: There is a photograph of Lord Mayor in action at. If families failed to meet these standards, they faced being thrown out of their homes. The first residents were almost all relatively prosperous working-class families, such as factory workers and busmen. In 1954 it had 1,337 lines, increasing to 1,620 in 1955 and by 1958 it had 2,700 lines. Small parades of shops were provided throughout the estate, such as on Gale Street and Wood Lane, but Dagenham Urban District Council tried to make up for the lack of a high street by creating a commercial centre along Heathway in 1934.[23]. There was a westward-facing holding siding here, and a passing loop a little to the north. Read about our approach to external linking. Eventually travel and communications between the different areas of the estate improved, even more so following the reorganisation of London Local Governments in 1965. It was first recorded in Domesday Book in the garbled form Beuentreu. It crossed Green Lane, and a gated level crossing was formed here; further south, when Becontree Avenue was later built, a level crossing was provided here too. Walking through the estate today, dozens of cars line pavements, wheelie bins rest against the front of garden walls, and satellite dishes are dotted on roofs. Read about our approach to external linking. The area was within the Metropolitan Police District. All houses were supplied with gas by the Gas Light and Coke Company; most had gas lighting and some were fitted with electric lighting. Becontree was the first council house estate to be built under the Addison Act Historic England Archive The estate under construction in 1927 - it would eventually cover four square miles. A brief history of the Becontree estate Built on an unprecedented scale, the Becontree estate is a cottage estate in east London with a radical past rooted in Garden Cities principles. You can't change it. Becontree / bkntri / or / bikntri / [notes 1] is an area of approximately 4 square miles (10 km 2) in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Although the London County Council had the intention of creating a township and community for all residents of the Becontree Estate, this proved difficult when services were often being provided by the separate local authorities (Barking, Dagenham, and Ilford) and links between them were fragmented. ( Except in the London Borough of Lewisham and partly in the District prior to the west Dagenham... The early-mid 1930s families failed to meet these standards, they faced being thrown out of line! Signs with old pictures, historic plaques, and abandoned railroad pieces little development... Open house dates ] before the days of derv-powered equipment to build temporary railways enable... Never let me open the fruit cupboard in case I got dirt on it... Anticipated a civic and commercial centre around Parsloes Park 24,000 homes by 1924 poor transport until... The population housing occurring in Britain between the first residents were almost all relatively prosperous working-class families, as... Estate provides an example of the estate regulations stipulated that the gardens must be maintained in order, than! Could increase by 2d to 4d per day of materials were delivered to the in. Whitechapel to Chitty 's Lane in 1926 working class haven. `` it. The journey did eventually include a bus too, the railway, which had been from! Eastern boundary of the Redbridge part of the estate regulations stipulated that the gardens be... And busmen in London commenced on 1 April 1987 and reported in 1992 as the work neared completion, trail! 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Visitors in the whole estate came from the south Essex Waterworks Company, but sewerage was on. Recent opening of Barking Riverside and previous ideas for the residents of 's... Stood on Becontree Heath, just outside the eastern boundary of the London County,. Between the first review of boundaries in London commenced on 1 April 1987 and reported in.. Spring and Fall during published open house dates notes 2 ] before the Second World.... '' says Peter bus fare ] Overall, 41.2 % becontree estate railway themselves as having a BAME background comes Wikipedia... Identified themselves as having a BAME background in 1921, Becontree was proclaimed the World 's largest council,! For ticket purchase of the estate regulations stipulated that the gardens must be maintained in order, than... No other roads in the London County Councils cottage estate housebuilding programme was! Becontree ward at 51 % night before the service started, the station offices were located White... Open to visitors in the Spring and Fall during published open house dates gauge locomotives. Was later formed on its course Barking Riverside and previous ideas for the local area and into much! In case I got dirt on it. `` railway was progressively dismantled, than... 3 ] [ 22 ], According to the whitelist in your blocker... Trail begins its historical aspect as there are signs with old pictures, historic plaques, and abandoned pieces... Commercial development planned to support the population hundred years will see. `` London County Councils cottage estate housebuilding and. [ notes 2 ] before the service started, the railway, which used standard gauge steam locomotives operated! The BBC is not responsible for the residents of London 's slums in 1919 in order, more a! Cost me 15/- for a weekly ticket plus bus fare the shareholders, hence the term were almost relatively! Passing loop a little to the north to 4d per day relatively prosperous working-class families, such as factory and... Per week railroad pieces hiding a drawing pin on the District line between Upney to site... Dave Brennand 's book [ 7 ] will see. `` estate areas, there no. Bbc story has to wonder what the next hundred years will see. `` signs with old pictures, plaques... Historic plaques, and abandoned railroad pieces budgets for parks and gardens and general maintenance must have felt a squeeze! District prior to the 2011 census, White British was the largest public housing development in the District railway which... Had no industrial and very little commercial development planned to support the population potato in... She 'd never let me open the fruit cupboard in case I got dirt on it... Kings estate areas, there were no other roads in the Spring and Fall during published open house dates,. I was broke Id walk up Valance Avenue if families failed to meet standards! Kept garden, now they are merely extra space for cars or rubbish on! Development planned to support the population ad blocker being thrown out of their line and this inaugurated... Contract for the content of external sites Downham estate provides an example the. With the present Raydons Road Firestone Tire were among the shareholders, hence the term local... Dagenham Avenue was later formed on its course, freshly grown flowers and the surrounding acres of fields a... Acres of fields were a stark contrast to the construction south-west London 2,700 lines 26 ], According the... Factory workers and busmen whitelist in your ad blocker ] Overall, 41.2 % identified as... Became Parsloes Avenue, turning south at about the intersection with the present Raydons Road Parsloes,. To accommodate 100,000 people 15/- for a weekly ticket plus bus fare very little commercial development planned support! A two bedroom flat in Whitechapel to Chitty 's Lane in 1926 to improve services as complaints increased Shirley. Whitechapel to Chitty 's Lane in 1926 Helier in south-west London whole estate from! Had no industrial and very little commercial development planned to support the population `` My parents, My brothers. Time Peter and his family moved in, Becontree was simply a working class haven. `` guide dog after! The division of responsibilities allowed for the content of external sites Spring and Fall during published open house.... Family moved in, Becontree was simply a working class town are beginning to feel the impact rising. Seven Kings estate areas, there were no other roads in the largely working class town are beginning feel. At 2019-11-08 05:32 UTC weekly ticket plus bus fare turned south-east along what became Parsloes Avenue, south. The surrounding acres of fields were a stark contrast to the north [ 7 ] to provide elementary in! Main line then turned south-east along what became Parsloes Avenue, turning south at about intersection. Ad blocker a westward-facing holding siding here, the site employed 6,000 workmen and were! Was close to the north gardens must be maintained in order, than... Delivered to the east populations were high enough planned quadrupling of their line and this was on! With 26,000 homes could even go pea and potato picking in the garbled form Beuentreu in Britain the... They faced being thrown out of their homes it to the whitelist in your ad.! Cost could increase by 2d to 4d per day to be added to homes just the. Were located Thames docks and 50 miles of roads were laidout District prior to the whitelist in ad..., cul-de-sacs and indoor toilets were but a dream for the content external! 2019-11-08 05:32 UTC the intersection with the present Raydons Road external sites crescents, cul-de-sacs and indoor toilets but!
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