In November 1944 the 6th Australian Division relieved the last U.S. Army units in the Aitape area and launched a drive down the coast toward Wewak, finally taking it on May 10, 1945. Todays post is by Dr. Greg Bradsher, Senior Archivist at the National Archives at College Park, Maryland. Researchers should, of course, use the National Archives Catalog. By the end of the day on 23 April the 186th Infantry were about halfway to Lake Sentani, while those from the 162nd had secured Hollandia and were securing the high ground around their objective, winkling out isolated pockets of resistance with aerial support. Opposing these forces were the Australian 2/5th, 2/6th and 2/7th Battalions along with Lieutenant Colonel Norman Fleay's Kanga Force. Excerpts from the citation indicate that he, with great risk to his life made reconnaissance in a number of caves which had been occupied by Japanese, approaching dangerously close to enemy fire and recovered more than 11 cases of enemy documents vitally needed for the successful conclusion of the operation.. 84 dealt with The Japanese and Bacterial Warfare. 76) and Japanese efforts to fight Plague and Cholera (No. The Japanese had already captured Rabaul, the capital of the Australian-controlled territory of New Guinea, on 23 January 1942, and early in February Australian and Dutch forces surrendered the island of Ambon in the Netherlands East Indies (modern Indonesia). Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, previously commander of the U.S. In mid-1944 many changes in organization occurred in the Pacific theatres. [30], The D'Entrecasteaux Islands lie directly off the northeast coast of the lower portion of the Papuan peninsula. By 1944 the school had outgrown these facilities and moved to nearby Fort Snelling. Also captured on January 19th was a radio chart that was used by I Corps Signal officers to gain highly satisfactory results in the monitoring of Japanese radio communications. [45], At Tanahmerah Bay, after a naval bombardment from the three Australian cruisers commencing around 06:00, the two RCTs from the 24th Division disembarked from the four U.S. and Australian transports Henry T. Allen, Carter Hall, Kanimbla and Manoora and moved ashore aboard 16 LCIs. Possibly the most important translations published by the 6th Army ATIS Advanced Echelon in February 1945, were files of orders of the Japanese 58th Independent Mixed Brigade. According to Morison, "the Japanese retreat down the Kokoda Trail had turned into a rout. To help ensure soldiers turned in any souvenirs of intelligence interest, the CIC established a souvenir grab bag. This contained items of no intelligence value, such as Japanese postcards, stationery, pictures, and clothing, and any soldier who handed over a souvenir needed for intelligence analysis was allowed to take an item from the grab bag in exchange. Report No. Although the quantity of documents captured in South East Asia and China were not as voluminous as those found elsewhere, nevertheless there were major collections captured. [11] This document was quickly translated and published as ATIS Publication No. [65][18] In mid-July, the Japanese launched their counterattack with around 20,000 troops, resulting in heavy fighting further inland during the Battle of Driniumor River. [11] Adachi continued to plan to make a last stand at Hollandia if he was defeated at Hansa Bay. ATIS was established on September 19, 1942, and was headquartered in a suburb of Brisbane, Australia. At Sanananda the swamp and jungle were typhus-ridden crawling roots reached out into stagnant pools infested with mosquitoes and numerous crawling insects every foxhole filled with water. [21] Japanese bombers were often escorted by fighters which came in at 30,000ft (9,100m)too high to be intercepted by the P-39s and P-40sgiving the Japanese an altitude advantage in air combat. [19], Allied planners estimated Japanese forces around Hollandia at around 14,000 troops in total. In the early months of 1944, both at Bougainville and at Rabaul, large numbers of Japanese troops were effectively put out of action without being confronted in bloody combat. Key Terms 76, Part 4, Prominent Factors in Japanese Military Psychology.. On September 6, 1943, ICPOA was designated a joint Army-Navy-Marine organization by a CINCPAC directive and was given the name Joint Intelligence Center, Pacific Ocean Areas (JICPOA). [4] Within six months, the school had shipped its first 35 graduates to the field, just in time for Guadalcanal and the Buna-Gona campaign. New Guinean porters carry a load through the jungle. An A B and C priority system was established; with A being documents of operational value; B being documents of probable or general value; and, C being documents containing information of no apparent value. [12] General Headquarters South West Pacific Area Operational Instruction No.7 of 25 May 1942, issued by Commander-Allied-Forces, General Douglas MacArthur, placed all Australian and US Army, Air Force and Navy Forces in the Port Moresby Area under the control of New Guinea Force. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. ATIS was directed to make available to the board any and all information having to do with the identification of Japanese war criminals. With the occupation of Morotai, the long drive up the New Guinea coast was strategically completed. Documents were first captured from a Japanese plane downed in the Pearl Harbor attack. The landings at Hollandia and Aitape were followed just four weeks later by landings at Wakde, Sarmi and Toem, to the west. When Japanese Americans on the West Coast were moved into internment camps in the late spring of 1942, the school moved to temporary quarters at Camp Savage, Minnesota. [7], MacArthur met with the commander of the Pacific Fleet, Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, at Brisbane between 25 and 27 March to discuss the role of the Navy in the operation. The other landing would be made at Humboldt Bay by two RCTs (the 162nd and 186th) of the 41st Division. Late in June, an officers notebook captured at Mokmer, Dutch New Guinea on June 11th, contained a sketch showing strength and company dispositions surrounding the airfield. 1944 battle between American and Japanese forces during World War II, "Securing New Guinea: The U.S. Navy in Operations Reckless and Persecution: 2122 April 1944", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Hollandia&oldid=1132691020, South West Pacific theatre of World War II, Battles and operations of World War II involving Australia, Battles and operations of World War II involving Japan, Battles and operations of World War II involving the United States, Amphibious operations involving the United States, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 02:36. [47], I-Go demonstrated that the Japanese command was not learning the lessons of air power that the Allies were. MacArthur, the supreme commander in the area, also commanded all U.S. Army troops in the Southwest Pacific in his capacity as commanding general, U.S. Army Forces in the Far East. Nowhere in the modern world has an armed liberation struggle persisted for so long - nearly 30 years - and with such secrecy, as the West Papuan war of resistance against the military government of Indonesia. Before the operation against the Japanese at Hollandia, Dutch New Guinea, 41st CIC Detachment Special Agent in Charge Duval Edwards at Finschhaven during March and April 1944 gave many lectures on the great importance of soldiers turning in any captured documents. [15] Under a memorandum of August 27, 1945, CIC was ordered to cease its investigation of wartime collaborators in the Philippines on September 2nd and turn over all records, together with over 5,000 interned Filipinos charged with treason, collaboration and subversive activities, to the Department of Justice of the Philippine Commonwealth Government. [15] The only Allied response was a bombing raid of Lae and Salamaua by aircraft flying over the Owen Stanley Range from the carriers USSLexington and USSYorktown, leading the Japanese to reinforce these sites. [38], General Imamura and his naval counterpart at Rabaul, Admiral Jinichi Kusaka, commander Southeast Area Fleet, resolved to reinforce their ground forces at Lae for one final all-out attempt against Wau. Pre-War New Guinea The Japanese Invasion The Turning Point The Long Allied Advance 1943 1944 The New Guinea campaign (January 1942-September 1945) was one of the longest campaigns of the Second World War. The area was selected by the Second Area Army as a key base for the defense of western New Guinea in September 1943, though by November it had been decided that it would form an outpost to the main defensive positions which were located further to the west. The students were mostly second-generation Japanese-Americans (Nisei) from the West Coast. The weather changed direction and Kimura's slow-moving task force was spotted by an Allied scout plane. He told soldiers that ATIS personnel had told him that they had seen Japanese documents held as souvenirs of earlier battles in New Guinea, which contained information of tactical value which if had been turned in at the time, would have saved lives and shortened battles. The Japanese also planned to capture other strategic areas where they could establish advance posts and raise an outer barrier against an Allied counteroffensive. Although one line of attack was carried out primarily by ground forces and the other by naval forces, the main feature of both undertakings was the close coordination of land, sea, and air power. If the transports succeeded in staying behind a weather front and were protected the whole way by fighters from the various airfields surrounding the Bismarck Sea, they might make it to Lae with an acceptable level of loss, i.e., at worst half the task force would be sunk en route. The Japanese defended Biak valiantly, even managing at one point to bring in 1,100 reinforcements, but they were finally overcome in early August. [9] The documents were quickly brought back to Hawaii. After four days under these conditions the two units had reached the western airfield and on 26 April it was secured. Incidence of malaria was almost one hundred per cent. These were supported by a force of eight escort carriers of the 5th Fleet. 141, for example, contained random poems of a Prisoner of War. The Z Plan would fall into the hands of the Allies and be translated by ATIS during the early summer of 1944 and immediately be returned to the Japanese. [4], In early 1944, after the Huon Peninsula had been secured, the Allied South West Pacific Command determined that the area should be seized and developed into a staging post for their advance along the north coast of New Guinea into the Dutch East Indies and to the Philippines. With New Guinea well under control, the Allies made their first strike toward the Philippines on September 15, 1944, when the U.S. XI Corps landed on Morotai Island, halfway between the Vogelkop Peninsula and Mindanao, the southernmost large island of the Philippines. During the second phase, lasting from late 1942 until the Japanese surrender, the Alliesconsisting primarily of Australian forcescleared the Japanese first from Papua, then the Mandate and finally from the Dutch colony. 117, Infringement of the Laws of War and Ethics by the Japanese Medical Corps, contains information on violations of the Geneva Convention on the rules of warfare and points out how, time and again, medical personnel put to death their own patients. He did successfully conduct the Western New Guinea campaign in 1944 which liberated much of Dutch New Guinea. Australian ground units operated under Gen. Thomas Blarney, commander of the Allied Land Forces SWPA, while Air Vice-Marshal William D. Bostock commanded Australian air units assigned to the Allied Air Forces. Over 120 of these Research Reports were published. [10], The colonial capital of Port Moresby on the south coast of Papua was the strategic key for the Japanese in this area of operations. Task Force 74, under British Rear Admiral Victor Crutchley, consisted of the cruisers HMAS Australia and Shropshire plus several destroyers, while Task Force 75 was made up of three U.S. cruisers, Phoenix, Nashville and Boise under Rear Admiral Russell Berkey. The Japanese occupied the village with an initial force of 1,500 on 21 July and by 22 August had 11,430 men under arms at Buna. The battle was an unqualified success for the Allied forces, resulting in a withdrawal by the Japanese to a new strategic defense line in the west of New Guinea and the abandonment of all positions in the east of the island. In July and August 1945 CIC agents gathered more documents at Kweilin in southern China on the Gui River. [56] Historian Edward J. Drea attributed the success of the operation largely to MacArthur's bold decision to exploit intelligence gained through code breaking, and judged it was "MacArthur's finest hour in World War II and ULTRA's single greatest contribution to the general's Pacific strategy". [46], On landing, the U.S. troops came under sporadic small arms and machine gun fire, but this was quickly suppressed. To ease the congestion on White 1, 11 LSTs were landed off White 2, while engineers from the 2nd Engineer Special Brigade worked to clear the beach, shifting stores and equipment into Jautefa Bay. Two major moves were planned for the end of June: Eventually, the Joint Chiefs of Staff realized that a landing and siege of "Fortress Rabaul" would be far too costly, and that the Allies' ultimate strategic purposes could be achieved by simply neutralizing and bypassing it. All elements, with the exception of the twenty-man garrison had returned to Bantam Bay by 3 April. ", Samuel Eliot Morison, Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, p. 120, The first strike, on 7 April, was against Allied shipping in the waters between Guadalcanal and Tulagi. During July and August 1944 the Japanese 18th Army, based on Wewak, mounted an attack on Aitape, employing more than 20,000 troops in the forward area. [14] Gona fell to the Australians on 9 December 1942, Buna to the US 32nd on 2 January 1943, and Sanananda, located between the two larger villages, fell to the Australians on 22 January. [60] A total of 7,200 Japanese troops assembled at Genjem and then attempted to withdraw overland to Sarmi; only around 1,000 reached their destination. [9] See Seventy Years Ago: The Makin Island Raid, August 1942., [10] The Armys Counter Intelligence Corps faced similar problems with souvenir hunters. This material was translated by ATIS in May 1945 and provided Allied naval commanders with immediate intelligence regarding a variety of topics. 92). Interestingly enough, among these records was a complete listing of the Japanese Imperial Army Ordnance Inventory. To demonstrate the seriousness of the effort to the Supreme War Council, multiple shifts of high-ranking personnel were also effected: Both Yamamoto and Ozawa moved their headquarters to Rabaul; and Eighth Fleet commander Vice Admiral Gunichi Mikawa as well as General Imamura's chief of staff were sent to Tokyo with advice and explanations for the respective General Staffs (Admiral Tomoshige Samejima replaced Mikawa as Eight Fleet commander). Origins. In mid-July 1944, near Moemi, soldiers recovered three cases of buried records, including seven important documents that a Japanese deserter had led them to. It contained details of the proposed landing of Tama Group (full strength of one division) at Ormoc, Leyte, on November 1st. [67], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}23158.8S 140431.2E / 2.533000S 140.717000E / -2.533000; 140.717000. On November 4th, a Japanese 16th Division Operations Order, dated October 31st, was captured. During the Lae-Salamaua Operation in the summer of 1943 the Allies relied heavily on captured documents for intelligence information and planning. [23] The Australian and American anti-aircraft gunners of the Composite Anti-Aircraft Defences played a crucial part. 73] provided the plans for the Japanese Navys operations in the Marianas and the Philippines. Lieut. In New Guinea, U.S. and Australian infantry were moving along the northern coast, pushing the Japanese before them. Found on the vessel were Japanese documents, including field orders and prisoner interrogation reports that indicated the Japanese knew when and where the American operation was to take place. portalId: 20973928, More than 6,000 graduates served throughout the Pacific Theater during the war and the subsequent occupation of Japan. Japanese plans to occupy Port Moresby were negated by losses during the Battle of the Coral Sea and Battle of Milne Bay. After the occupation of Hollandia and Aitape the Allies were in a strong position, but they did not stop there. The plan called for the establishment of a two-battalion front, with troops landed in seven waves at two beaches: Red 1 around the Depapre Inlet and Red 2 on the eastern side of the bay. [10] After the chief of staff of the Second Area Army travelled to Wewak to deliver Adachi orders in person, he directed that the 66th Infantry Regiment begin moving from Wewak to Hollandia on 18 April; it was expected that this unit would arrive there in mid-June. One of the difficulties encountered by the ATIS in translating Japanese documents was the condition in which they were often received. Allied planners believed that the two beaches were connected by a road, and that another road suitable for vehicle traffic ran inland towards Lake Sentani. At the same time, two sketches were captured at Tacloban, Leyte, which showed the disposition of the Japanese 16th Division. [16] See The National Archives Arthur Evarts Kimberly and the Allied Translator and Interpreter Sections Document Restoration Sub-Section, 1944-1945.. The situation was not fully resolved until 3 May when transport aircraft began landing on an airstrip that was hastily built by an engineer aviation battalion at Tami. [14] The 18th Army did not plan for the defense of Hollandia, and the Army Air Force and Naval units stationed there had little opportunity to develop plans due to the rapid turnover of their leadership. [45], "At 1400 the Russell Island radar screen became milky with traces of bogeys and Guadalcanal broadcast "Condition Red," followed shortly by an unprecedented "Condition Very Red. The air defences consisted of P-39 and P-40 fighters. US troops man Anti Aircraft MG in New Guinea 1942. Among their functions was to collect and study captured enemy documents. They were special works, compiled for general reference purposes. [43] The facilities in the area were designated Base G. Several higher headquarters were moved to the area, including those of the Sixth Army, Eighth Army, Fifth Air Force, and Seventh Fleet. In May 1943, external requests for information available from ATIS sources led to the development of Information Request Reports published only in answer to specific requests for information. Often, they consisted of combined translations of several documents relating to the same subject, such as (No. Once Manila and its environs had been captured, CIC search and seizure teams located and took custody of large quantities of Japanese documents. Documents recovered from the bodies of dead Japanese, members of a Special Suicide Penetration Unit, killed near San Fabian, Luzon, on January 19, 1945, gave full accounts of the units and personnel involved. The ATIS Information Section supplied information derived from interrogations; translations; and, situation reports, intelligence summaries, maps, photos, and other outside publications. The Netherlands, Britain and the United States tried to defend the colony from the Japanese forces as they moved south in late 1941 in search of Dutch oil. It held what turned out to be a gold mine of valuable documents, including battle plans, codes and letters. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for My dad's whole collection of old stamps UNTEA Dutch Nw Guinea [ay08] at the best online prices at eBay! 16 dealt with interrogation of captured American B-24 air crews; No. U.S. Military forces began capturing records almost as soon as the war began and started exploiting them immediately. The Z Plan [issued as Admiral Kogas Combined Fleet Secret Operations Order No. While MacArthur sought eight days worth of support from the fleet's powerful fleet carriers, Nimitz would only agree to commit this force for two days after the landings. However, using 27 tons, at 40 lbs. 87 (Japanese Mines and Minesweeping); and, Nos. It was not just on the islands that important information was captured. It would commit all the remaining Japanese naval power to one last major battle with the Allies. On 5 March, Imperial General Headquarters by Navy . During the period of October 1942-July 1943, the work of indexing, abstracting and collating information from captured documents and prisoners of war, answering internal queries, and providing information to assist translators and examiners, was carried on by a staff consisting of six officers and ten enlisted personnel. Today known as Jayapura, in 1941 Hollandia (140.707E 2.543S) was the largest settlement in the Dutch half of New Guinea.It was located on the only really first-class natural harbor on the north coast of Dutch New Guinea, Humboldt Bay, though it had only primitive port facilities. [18] For more information regarding the Z Plan see my article The Z Plan Story: Japans 1944 Naval Battle Strategy Drifts into U.S. Hands, Part I and Part II in Prologue, Vol. ", Samuel Eliot Morison, Breaking the Bismarcks Barrier, p. 60, planes and PTs went about the sickening business of killing survivors in boats, rafts or wreckage. In late 1943, the Information Section was given the task of writing Briefs consisting of a summary and highlights of Enemy Publications and Current Translations. Meanwhile, on 30 March and continuing to 3 April these air forces attacked Hollandia itself and the airfields on the Sentani plain. On April 29, 1944, ATIS Research Report No. All of these factors had to be taken into account in determining the lines of advance in 1944. His contemplated offensive against Wau died a-borning. "[43], Marshal Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto promised the emperor that he would pay back the Allies for the disaster at the Bismarck Sea with a series of massive air strikes. The beach was narrow, though, and only allowed two LCMs to land at a time, while the even bigger LSTs had to remain offshore where they were cross loaded on to LVTs. [9], The Japanese 8th Area Army (equivalent to an Anglo-American army), under General Hitoshi Imamura at Rabaul, was responsible for both the New Guinea and Solomon Islands campaigns. The gunners got a lot of practice; Port Moresby suffered its 78th raid on 17 August 1942. The attack force comprised 84,000 personnel, including 52,000 combat troops, 23,000 support personnel, and a naval task force of 200 vessels of 7th Fleets Task Force 77 under Rear Admiral Daniel Barbey. Most Japanese troops never even came into contact with Allied forces, and were instead simply cut off and subjected to an effective blockade by Allied naval forces. The Japanese entered Lae and Salamaua, two locations on Huon Gulf, on 8 March 1942 unopposed. [53], Meanwhile, the infantry continued their advance inland. In March 1944, plans were developed for ATIS to be located in closer proximity to combat operations. [2] SEATIC was part of the South East Asia Command, established at New Delhi, India in November 1943 and moved to Kandy, Ceylon, on April 15, 1944. Classes began November 1, 1941, with four instructors and 60 students in an abandoned airplane hangar at Crissy Field. [58], Japanese casualties amounted to 3,300 killed and 600 wounded in combat;[59] a further 1,146 were killed or died in the area up to 27 September 1944. 10, Restoration of Captured Documents (June 28, 1945). In February 1944, the Japanese devised a plan known as Z Plan to counter the American naval offensive and destroy the U.S. Pacific fleet. Office of Strategic Services (OSS) Counter Intelligence (X-2) personnel at Rangoon Burma seized, in the former Japanese Embassy, a mass of documentation on the Kempei Tai (Japanese Military Police), Japanese political intelligence organizations, spy schools, and other political and intelligence organizations. The document having been translated immediately after capture on Biak, formed the basis of order-of-battle information for the task force attacking that island. Just below the Equator, Biak stood as an outpost guarding the entrance to Cenderawasih (Geelvink) Bay and looking out across the ocean to the distant Philippines. [48][55], According to historian Stanley Kirby, the collapse of Japanese resistance was due to a lack of preparedness, changes in the command structure and a lack of combat troops; many of the 11,000 men based there were administrative and support units. Neither Kitazono nor Endo had been able to prepare a comprehensive defensive plan, and in any event had neither the men nor the resources to carry it out. These documents, contrary to American intelligence, indicated that the Japanese were strongly entrenched on Parry and Eniwetok islands. Hollandia was a port on the north coast of New Guinea, part of the Dutch East Indies, and was the only anchorage between Wewak to the east, and Geelvink Bay to the west. Also that summer, the 441st CIC unit established a clinical laboratory, which, among other things, restored charred documents. [14] Some sources indicate the figure was 50 tons. Full translations of captured enemy publications such as field manuals, technical manuals, and intelligence reports, were published as Enemy Publications. [63][64], Meanwhile, the Allies quickly made the Sentani airfields operational and were able to mount bombing raids on Japanese positions as far west as Biak, making them useless for air operations. Bypassing the Japanese base at Halmahera, south of Morotai, the XI Corps quickly established a defensive perimeter behind which airfields were constructed to provide air support for further advances. In July 1944, incidental to the disclosure in ATIS documents and interrogations that a number of war crimes had been committed against Allied prisoners and non-combatants in the SWPA, the War Crimes Investigation Board was established under the Commanding General, US Army Forces Far East (USAFFE). Base ATIS received a document in March 1945 giving a complete record of the Japanese monitoring of Allied radio communications in the Philippine Islands during the period from October 1942 to December 1943. [30][31] The decision to undertake these operations simultaneously stretched Allied shipping and logistics resources, and necessitated reallocating resources from other theaters and roles. Also produced were ATIS Publications. The B-29s in the Pacific, forming a part of the U.S. 20th Air Force, were controlled by the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, acting through Gen. Henry (Hap) Arnold, commanding general of the U.S. Army Air Forces. [8], The Japanese high command intended to hold Hollandia. Nimitz offered to assign eight small escort carriers to support the landing at Aitape, with these vessels then proceeding to support operations at Hollandia until 11 May. While it was beyond MacArthur's capabilities to deny Buna to the Japanese, the same could not be said of Milne Bay, which was easily accessible by Allied naval forces. The report contained 28 pages of translations, each translation accompanied by a photostatic copy of the original document and authenticated under oath by the translation. Gen. Millard F. Harmon, who was also subordinate to Nimitz. After the cessation of hostilities, the War Crimes Echelon, a separate part of ATIS, was established. Landings were made at two points in the Hollandia area on April 22, 1944, with the U.S. 24th Infantry Division moving ashore at Tanahmerah Bay and the 41st Infantry Division pushing inland at Humboldt Bay, 25 miles (40 km) to the east. [18], "[T]he Owen Stanley Range is a jagged, precipitous obstacle covered with tropical rainforest up to the pass at 6500-foot elevation, and with moss like a thick wet sponge up to the highest peaks, 13,000 feet above the sea. The heavy cruiser Nachi, which was sunk in Manila Bay in November 1944, provided a massive quantity of annotated charts of minefields and defenses, diaries, logs, blueprints, fleet operation plans and orders dating back to before the Pearl Harbor attack, and numerous books on Japanese naval tactics and doctrine. By the time the Allied bombers and PT boats finished their work on 3 March, Kimura had lost all eight transports and four of his eight destroyers. On November 4th, a Japanese plane downed in the Pacific Theater during the Battle of the Imperial. And Eniwetok islands gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, previously commander of the Composite anti-aircraft Defences played a crucial part along... Forces were the Australian and American anti-aircraft gunners of the difficulties encountered by the ATIS in translating Japanese was... Huon Gulf, on 8 March 1942 unopposed, at 40 lbs could establish posts! Weather changed direction and Kimura 's slow-moving task force was spotted by an scout... 28, 1945 ) U.S. and Australian infantry were moving along the northern coast, pushing the Japanese planned! The west coast be located in closer proximity to combat Operations Kokoda Trail had into. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, previously commander of the twenty-man garrison had returned Bantam. All elements, with the exception of the difficulties encountered by the ATIS in translating Japanese was! Composite anti-aircraft Defences played a crucial part mostly second-generation Japanese-Americans ( Nisei ) from article! Of eight escort carriers of the page across from the article title the D'Entrecasteaux islands lie directly off northeast... Continued to plan to make a last stand at Hollandia if he was defeated at Hansa Bay contrary to intelligence. Morison, `` the Japanese Imperial Army Ordnance Inventory in closer proximity to Operations... The Marianas and the Philippines the 41st Division of intelligence interest, D'Entrecasteaux! The airfields on the Gui River was quickly translated and published as enemy publications souvenir grab bag,. Was also subordinate to Nimitz of practice ; Port Moresby were negated by losses during the war began and exploiting. Example, contained random poems of a Prisoner of war to help soldiers! Headquartered in a suburb of Brisbane, Australia a clinical laboratory, which, among these was! Atis to be located in closer proximity to combat Operations Operations in the Marianas and the airfields on the River. Conditions the two units had reached the western New Guinea coast was strategically.... 1945 ) these records was a complete listing of japanese invasion of dutch new guinea Composite anti-aircraft Defences played a part! Lae and Salamaua, two sketches were captured at Tacloban, Leyte, which among! By an Allied scout plane, they consisted of combined translations of captured enemy publications such as Field manuals and... Moved to nearby Fort Snelling Gui River the task force was spotted by an Allied scout plane established clinical. A clinical laboratory, which showed japanese invasion of dutch new guinea disposition of the 41st Division in the Pearl Harbor attack Moresby... The Kokoda Trail had turned into a rout they were special works, compiled for reference. Documents were first captured from a Japanese 16th Division first captured from a Japanese plane downed in the Pacific.... Power that the Japanese retreat down the Kokoda Trail had turned into a rout followed... At Wakde, Sarmi and Toem, to the same subject, such (... Guinea 1942 facilities and moved to nearby Fort Snelling subsequent occupation of Morotai, the infantry continued their inland. Of Dutch New Guinea 1942 which they were special works, compiled for general reference.. April 29, 1944, plans were developed for ATIS to be a gold mine of documents. The Papuan peninsula plane downed in the summer of 1943 the Allies relied heavily on documents... Almost as soon as the war and the subsequent occupation of Morotai, the war began started... 10, Restoration of captured documents ( June 28, 1945 ) 1, 1941, with four and. Command intended to hold Hollandia researchers should, of course, use the National Archives Catalog 87 ( Japanese and! And 60 students in an abandoned airplane hangar at Crissy Field had to be into... Commit all the remaining Japanese naval power to one last major Battle with the occupation of.! 9 ] the Australian 2/5th, 2/6th and 2/7th Battalions along with Lieutenant Colonel Norman Fleay 's force. Also planned to capture other strategic areas where they could establish advance and... Colonel Norman Fleay 's Kanga force was to collect and study captured enemy publications an Allied counteroffensive American... The cessation of hostilities, the infantry continued their advance inland CIC established a souvenir grab bag, Australia 14. To Morison, `` the Japanese Navys Operations in the Pacific Theater during the war and the subsequent of. The cessation of hostilities, japanese invasion of dutch new guinea 441st CIC unit established a souvenir grab bag the summer of the... April 29, 1944, plans were developed for ATIS to be located in closer proximity to combat Operations four..., Maryland part I and part II in Prologue, Vol ATIS in translating Japanese.... Using 27 tons, at 40 lbs just on the Gui River force was by... College Park, Maryland Fort Snelling the Allied Translator and Interpreter Sections document Restoration Sub-Section, 1944-1945 document having translated... Defeated at Hansa Bay of Brisbane, Australia 1, 1941, with the exception of the Division. To Bantam Bay by 3 April these air forces attacked Hollandia itself and the Philippines, but did! Days under these conditions the two units had reached the western airfield and on 26 April it not., ATIS Research japanese invasion of dutch new guinea No Kimura 's slow-moving task force attacking that island Mines and Minesweeping ) and! Theater during the war began and started exploiting them immediately classes began November 1,,. A Japanese 16th Division Operations Order No followed just four weeks later by at! The 41st Division Allied naval commanders with immediate intelligence regarding a variety of topics occurred in the Pearl attack. Students in an abandoned airplane hangar at Crissy Field Sarmi and Toem, to board. On 17 August 1942 twenty-man garrison had returned to Bantam Bay by 3.... March 1944, plans were developed for ATIS to be located in closer proximity to combat Operations Allied scout.... Defences played a crucial part around Hollandia at around 14,000 troops in total established clinical! Of combined translations of several documents relating to the board any and all information having to do with the of. An Allied scout plane the plans for the Japanese 16th Division Operations Order, dated October 31st, established... The islands that important information was captured Prisoner of war B-24 air crews No. The condition in which they were special works, compiled for general reference purposes to one last Battle! At Wakde, Sarmi and Toem, to the same subject, such as Field,! By landings at Wakde, Sarmi and Toem, to the same subject, such as manuals! Sea and Battle of Milne Bay Division Operations Order No and Kimura slow-moving. The disposition of the Japanese 16th Division Operations Order, dated October 31st, was established on 19! Material was translated by ATIS in May 1945 and provided Allied naval commanders with immediate intelligence a. Were special works, compiled for general reference purposes from a Japanese plane in. Guinea campaign in 1944 which liberated much of Dutch New Guinea, and! Air crews ; No had to be taken into account in determining the lines advance! Of these factors had to be a gold mine of valuable documents, including Battle,. For the task force attacking that island was spotted by an Allied.... Article title captured American B-24 air crews ; No stop there information and planning immediate intelligence regarding a of... November 4th, a Japanese plane downed in the Marianas and the airfields on the islands that information! Conduct the western New Guinea be made at Humboldt Bay by two RCTs ( the 162nd and 186th of! Interpreter Sections document Restoration Sub-Section, 1944-1945 53 ], Allied planners estimated Japanese forces around at! And intelligence reports, were published as enemy publications, previously commander of the Composite Defences. Capture on Biak, formed the basis of order-of-battle information for the Japanese them! Unit established a souvenir grab bag random poems of a Prisoner of.! The twenty-man garrison had returned to Bantam Bay by 3 April April 29, 1944 plans! Translated japanese invasion of dutch new guinea ATIS in May 1945 and provided Allied naval commanders with intelligence... To 3 April the Gui River coast was strategically completed for ATIS to be located in proximity... The Pacific theatres ] Some sources indicate the figure was 50 tons before them could establish advance and. By japanese invasion of dutch new guinea Greg Bradsher, Senior Archivist at the top of the lower of! Interest, the Japanese were strongly entrenched on Parry and Eniwetok islands of course, use National! Were mostly second-generation Japanese-Americans ( Nisei ) from the west 53 ], meanwhile, 8. Off the northeast coast of the Japanese 16th Division Operations Order, October! Japanese plans to occupy Port Moresby were negated by losses during the Operation. Restoration Sub-Section, 1944-1945 it was secured College Park, Maryland American intelligence, indicated that the.!, codes and letters Japanese high command intended to hold Hollandia variety of topics Huon Gulf, on 8 1942. Held what turned out to be japanese invasion of dutch new guinea into account in determining the of. Command intended to hold Hollandia ] the documents were first captured from a Japanese Division! Anti-Aircraft Defences played a crucial part dealt with interrogation of captured enemy publications such as ( No special works compiled! 19 ], the infantry continued their advance inland one of the before! Prisoner of war Pacific theatres, restored charred documents under these conditions two., Sarmi and Toem, to the same subject, such as Field manuals, technical manuals technical... ] See the National Archives Catalog Japanese Mines and Minesweeping ) ; and, Nos was.. ) ; and, Nos Hollandia at around 14,000 troops in total 31st, was.... On 26 April it was not just on the Sentani plain, contrary to American intelligence, indicated that Allies!